Abstract: The Dongying Depression is an important petrolifeous province, with diverse source rocks and complex petroleum distribution patterns. A total of 32 crude oils were analyzed by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and isotopic compositions to better understanding the petroleum systems in the study area. Three oil types were classified by hierarchical cluster analyses. Type I and II oils have closely correlation with the discovered source rocks, which have been confirmed to be mainly derived from the lower third and upper forth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation source rocks (Es3L and Es4U), respectively. Obviously, type III oils contain abundant gammacerane, tricyclic terpanes and C29 steranes and have lower values of δ13C than type I and II oils, indicating a completely different source rock and biological origins. Until recently, type III oils fail to match any of the discovered source rock, which contains main contribution of aquatic organism or/and bacteria inputs. In addition, the spacial distribution of these three oil types were discussed. Type I oils mainly distributed in the Es3 and Es4 reservoirs that closed to the generative kitchens. Type II oils occurred in the Es4 reservoirs in the sourthern slope of the depression, which probably caused by lateral migration along the horizontal fractures and sandstone layers within the Es4 interval. Differently, type III oils in the sourthern slope of the depression were mainly discovered in the Eocene Kongdian or Ordocician reservoirs, which suggests great exploration potential of deep underlying strata.