Abstract: The ability of faults to transport oil and gas is affected by multiple geological factors, and the effects of various factors on oil and gas migration and accumulation are complex. In this study, based on the drilling and three-dimensional seismic data in the No. 4 structural zone of the Nanpu Sag and by considering the effects of fault throw, caprock thickness, shale content, fluid pressure, stress normal to the fault plane, and brittleness, we employed fault transport index (FTI) to quantitatively characterize the vertical transport ability of regional faults. Through statistical analysis, fault transport probability (Np) was used to characterize the relationship between FTI and the vertical hydrocarbon content in the formations. The results show that the faults with FTI less than 0.75 cannot transport oil and gas, while those with FTI greater than 2.5 are able to transport oil and gas. Specifically, when FTI is between 0.75 and 2.5, there is a functional relationship between the probability of faults transporting hydrocarbons and FTI. The current oil and water distribution and paleo oil reservoir test results indicate that there are oil layers or paleo oil reservoirs in horizons with large Np. Therefore, FTI can be used as an effective coefficient to indicate the vertical migration paths and accumulation spots of hydrocarbons moving along faults, providing an essential reference for further oil and gas exploration and development.